Figure 1 distribution of sample based estimations of deforestation for bolivia with 10% sampling intensity. Development of a downed woody debris forecasting tool using strategicscale multiresource forest inventories matthew b. In his works on forest inventory practice, iles 1979, 2003, pp. Sampling methods to estimate foliage and other characteristics of individual trees. The alaska fourphase forest inventory sampling design using remote. Pdf sampling methods for estimating change in forest. More specifically, this work focuses on two large classes of sampling designs for species abundance inference, i. It avoids extensive coverage of theoretical statistics and mathematics in favor of thorough coverage of forest inventory topics for the practitioner. Sampling methods for multiresource forest inventory by hans t. Examples are used extensively throughout the book to illustrate various estimators and to demonstrate different uses for sampling methods. Fixed area plots are simply a fixed area that is selected within which all trees are measured. Future directions in multiresource sampling in forestry. This book has been developed as a forest inventory textbook for students and could also serve as a handbook for practical foresters. Forest surveys are conducted with the use of probability sampling methods ranging from a simple random selection of plot locations to multistage and multiphase designs making use of auxiliary information from aerial.
Introduction this field manual contains definitions and procedures used to plan and perform a national forest inventory and assessment following the approach developed by the forest resources assessment programme fra of the fao. The early lineplot method gave way to fixedarea samples, which were dropped in favor of variableradius sampling in the late 1950s. The climate, fire and carbon cycle sciences staff develops a sound scientific basis and appropriate tools for making local to international resource management, human healthsafety, and policy decisions in response to climate change, fire, air pollution, and other threats to people, forests, and watersheds. Forest survey methods used in the usda forest service. Methods a new fourphase design in the early 1980s, the forest inventory and analysis project in anchorage began testing a new fourphase multiresource inventory system. Spatial distribution of carbon stored in forests of the. In addition, we present some more advanced sampling issues often needed in forest inventory. For 2542 forest measurement and inventory sample design 2015 1 for 2542 forest measurement and inventory sample design david larsen there are two basic methods of sampling commonly used in forestry, fixed area plots and variable point samples. With respect to this objective, the application of multiphase forest inventory methods e. The presented results come from the nfi and the national forest health inventory datasets of bavaria, germany, slovenia and sweden. An estimate of the value and possible uses of timber is an important part of the broader information required to sustain ecosystems. Forest services multiresource inventory project, fort collins. Forest inventory and analysis unit forest inventory and analysis unit usda forest service usda forest service 11 campus blvd. The information may be obtained from measurements taken from ground or on remote sensed imagery aerial photographs, satellite imagery, etc.
Sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest. If the sample in each stratum is a simple random sample, the whole procedure is described as stratified random sampling. Options for sampling and stratification for national. Sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest inventory springerverlag 2003. Numerous reasons may be given as justification for stratified sampling cochran, 1977. Bias due to the sampling procedure may occur in estimates from forest inventory when sampled trees are close to the forest edge. We have set out to keep the mathematics in the book at a fairly nontechnical level, and therefore, although we deal with many issues that include highly sophisticated methodology, we try to present first and foremost the ideas behind them.
Sampling methods remote sensing and gis multiresource. Sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest inventory. This technical guide was developed as a way to help explain the preferred method to complete a sugarbush multiresource forest inventory, which measures the major components of the area of interest. Changes in forest resources have been estimated in a variety of ways.
However, both have limitations that have restricted their use mainly to estimation of tree stem wood volume for timber sales over small forest areas in north america. Sampling techniques for forest inventories request pdf. Elementary forest sampling this is a statistical cookbook for foresters. Pdf sampling methods for multiresource forest inventory. First, stratification is used to increase the precision of population estimates. Scott usda forest service, 359 main road, delaware, ohio 430158640 usa abstract. Pdf changes in forest resources have been estimated in a variety of ways. Tropical forestry volumes already published in this series sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest inventory authors.
Schreuder, hans t sampling methods for multiresource forest inventory, gregoire, timothy g sampling methods for multiresource forest inventory, wood. The current forest inventory methodology is a mappedplot design, used for the first time during the 1997 inventory of georgia and for the. These methods do not seem to have had any substantial appreciation previously in the statistical or forestry. This technical guide was developed as a way to help explain the preferred method to complete a sugarbush multiresource forest inventory, which measures the major components of. Request pdf on jan 1, 2006, michael kohl and others published multiresource. Tropical forestry tropical forestry volumes already published in this series sampling methods, remote sensing and gis. Merging national forest and national forest health. Nabu press 9781179106434 manual of forest inventory forestry paper 27 description this is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. Forest inventory is the systematic collection of data and forest information for assessment or analysis. Whenever possible, matters will be simplified if the units in which the population is defined are the same as those to be selected in the sample. The alaska fourphase forest inventory sampling design. First, we present the basic sampling designs at a fairly nontechnical mathematical level.
Marco marchetti is full professor of forest inventory and of forest conservation at the university of molise italy. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The mirage, walkthrough, and walk through and fro methods are three practical measurement methods developed to avoid this problem. Alternative sampling designs include temporary surveys, continuous forest inventory, and sampling with partial replacement.
Sampling designs for national forest assessments food and. Forest inventory and sampling designs moderator usda forest. Those include for instance problems with systematic sampling, and methods for sampling vegetation or rare populations. The same datasets are used as the official datasources for national and international reporting and for other purposes the statistical efficiencies, related to the statistical precisions and to the abilities of the three designs to. These goods may vary from commercial tree volume in board feet or cubic meters, to animals, any product other than timber, sites of interest for tourism, etc. Clearly explains the sampling methods associated with the inventory of forest resources. The associated inventory cost, however, may be excessively high. Problems with answers are also included at the end of each chapter. Forest inventory and sampling forestryencyclopedia. Sampling techniques download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Forest inventory and analysis national program fia library. Systematic or random sampling of regeneration in small circular or rectangular plots determination of harvesting impact on forest elements. Forest inventory information obtained from the entire forest is called complete or 100% inventory. The field inventory is one of the major aspects of forest survey of india as it is the basic information that alone becomes the foundation of further investigations such as consumption studies.
Field methods for forest health phase 3 measurements. Analysis and planning systems for multiresource, sustainable. However, when these 41 images are simply 30 times copied thus generating a much larger population but with exactly the same characteristics like mean and. It offers an overview of current forest inventory systems and discusses forest mensuration, sampling techniques, remote sensing applications, geographic and forest information systems, and multi resource forest inventory.
Introduction the purpose of this report is to describe the sampling methodology of the forest inventory and analysis fia survey system and the national forest system nfs inventories. Two forms of 3p sampling, termed classical and point 3p sampling, have received some use in forest inventory. Schreuder, 9780471552451, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide. Tropical forestry series, springer verlag, berlinheidelberg. When taking forest inventory the following are important things to measure and note. Forest inventory and sampling design bastiaan louman a forest inventory enumerates all goods of interest to a forest manager in a previously determined forest area. Sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource.
Sampling methods for multiresource forest inventory. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages. The book was written as a textbook that clearly explains the sampling methods associated with forest inventory for the practitioner. The project used landsat mss ls imagery, highaltitude 1. The presampling and final sampling schemes proposed are based on the probability sampling approach. Since the designbased approach avoids any assumption on the underlying population, it seems the appropriate setting when dealing with ecological populations which are usually difficult to model. Forest survey methods used in the usda forest service by john w. Forest inventory information is obtained either from measurements of individual trees or stand.
Forest inventory is an accounting of trees and their. Precision of inventory using different edge overlap. The number of earthworms in the top 6 inches of soil on these plots could be still a third population. Download sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest inventor. Sampling procedures for inventory of commercial volume. Field guides, methods and procedures all download documents are in acrobat pdf format unless otherwise noted field guides for standard phase 2 measurements. Forest inventory northern research station usda forest service. The book presents the stateoftheart of forest resources assessments and monitoring and provides links to practical applications of forest. It gives an overview of current forest inventory systems and discusses forest mensuration, sampling techniques, remote sensing applications, geographic and. United states the enhanced forest agriculture inventory. Forest biometrics comprises the use of statistical methods for the quantitative assessment of forest resources. Multiresource forest inventory request pdf researchgate. Sampling methods, remote sensing and gis multiresource forest inventory michael kahl the book presents the state of the art of forest resources assessments and monitoring and provides links to practical applications of forest and natural resource assessment programs. However, for some issues like rare fire events or specific litter fall data collection for soil models, we suggest the use of nonrandom methods or unequal distribution sampling methods.
A comparison of two growing stock assessments by stratified sampling how does accuracy of inventory affect our interpretation of the results. Simple random sampling of individual items in the absence. The methodology, based on nationwide field sampling, has. Forest inventory and analysis fia program of the u. He has a research record of 20 years in the domain of gis and remote sensing for forest management and forest assessment. This chapter discusses the statistical design of the sampling plan for a forest inventory, including the process used to define the population to be sampled and the selection of a sample intended to satisfy nfa precision requirements. Climate, fire, and carbon cycle sciences us forest service. Continuous forest inventory, and sampling with partial replacement. Sampling methods for estimating change in forest resources.
Development of a downed woody debris forecasting tool. Walter bitterlich, a comprehensive concept for future forest inventories. It presents some sampling methods that have been found useful in forestry. The majority of research to date has emphasized efficient methods for sampling woody debris and determining their stocking levels. This paper focuses on extensive forest surveys rather than on sentinelsite investigations. Pdf sampling methods for estimating change in forest resources. Nfi field data with remote sensing techniques can give good estimates for areas. The lidar probability sampling approach follows designbased inventory sampling to ensure unbiased estimates of forest structure.
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